Improvement in ohuens



J. C. GASTON.

Churn.

Patented April 16.1867.

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IMPROVEMENT IN GEURNS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:v

Be it known that I, J. C. GASTON, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Churns, of which the following is a full and clear description reference being had to the accompanying drawings; making part of this specification.

My invention relates to the dasher, which is an inverted cup, provided externally with a series of radiating arms, and also to a guard-plate secured a short distance beneath the lid of the churn to pendants attached to the lid,V the pendants being so arranged as to permit the free access of air through the enlarged central opening in the lid of the churn to the interior, and at the same time prevent the splashing out of thermilk during the Operation of churning.

4 Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved churn, having a section broken out to show the dasher.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal secti'on of the churn.

Figure 3 isa transverse section of the pendants, and plan of the guard-plate7 4attached to them, the see-- tion being taken in the plane of line 1-2 in lig. 2.

A is the barrel of the churn, which is provided with thevlid B, having a central perforation, ct, greater in diameter than the dasher handle which passes through it; are pendants secured to the under or inner side of the lid B; as represented they are four in number, at right angles to each other, tangent to the edge of the perforations a in the lid B, and have their ends chamfered'off, leaving spaces e between them. The guard-plate@ is made fast' to the pendants b and blocks c, making quite a space between the guard-plate C andthe li'd B. The blocks c present plane surfaces opposite the spaces e. The blocks prevent any considerable quantity of milk from passing through 0r into the spaces d, and thence between the chamfered ends of the pendants I), and out through-the perforation a in the lid B of the churn. E is the hub of the dasher secured to the handle D. It is cylindrical in form, and is providedwith two seriesof arms F, square in cross-section, and secured to the lower half of the hub E of the dasher. The upper series of arms F are over the spaces betyveen the lower series of arms, and the Opposite angles of 'each arm of either series are respectively vertical and horizontal. All the parts of the churn constructed as above described may be made of wood or metal; Ythe former material has the preference, since it may be wrought with greater facility and economy.l The mode of churning is the same in the churn having my improvements attached as in the ordinary vertical barrel c'hurn. When the operator depresscs the flasher, forcing it into the bodyl ofothe milk, an amount of air, which fills the cavityfin the hub l E of' 4the dashcr, is taken down and is caused to commingle with the milk when a quick reciprocating motion is given to the dasher. The upper and lower face of each arm in one series of arms F will cause a deliection in the upward or downward motion of'the dasher of the milk, causingit to impinge abruptly upon the series of arms immediately over or beneaththe iirst series, according to the direction of the motion of the flasher, in this manner destroying the globules `Or sackscontaining the' particles of butter. When the milk is rapidly agitated the splashings are prevented an exit through thev perforation a, in the lid B, by the guard-plate 0,"and pendants b, between the ends of which, through the spaces e, fresh air is constantly finding access to the churn. When the dasher is raised above the body ofthe milk a fresh supplyl of air is admitted to the cavityfin the hub E of the dasher, and is taken down into and caused to permeate the milk, in this manner constantl supply of fresh air to the milk, which lfacilitates the collection of butter.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In Adie dasher, the inverted cup-shaped hub E, the cavity f being cylindrical, and two or more series of radial arms F, secured to the exterior of the hub E, all constructed substantially as above described and for the purpose specified.

2. In combination with the lid B, which has the enlarged central perforation a, the guard-plate C, pendants y giving the necessary i I1,y and blocks c, arranged substantially as and for the purpose above described and set forth.

.I. C.. GASTON.

Witnesses:

Y C. L. Fjsnnn,

Grenen Kran, J r, 

